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نموذج استرشادي (2)لمادة تمريض المسنين الفرقة الرابعه

نموذج استرشادي لمادة تمريض المسنين2

Part I: write (T) if the statement is true, and write (F) if the statement is false:

NO. Statement T / F
1. According classification of aging, the middle elderly ages 75–84 and older.
2. Comorbidity is the simultaneous presence of multiple chronic conditions.
3. Perceived age is another term that is used to describe how people estimate a person’s age based on appearance.
4. Nocturnal enuresis is episodic of urinary incontinence while asleep. It is normal in young children.
5. Gradual loss of nephrons (35%  to 50%) lead to decrease glomerular filtration.
6. Two ureters which carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
7.   Administration of tobacco which stimulates acid release and

antacids to reduce acidity.

8. Calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland in response to elevated blood calcium levels.
9. The incidence of malignant lesions of oral cavity rises sharply with age.
10. Joint pain is usually worse later in the day and occur after long periods of activity.
11. Humeral immunity increases with age cause an increased susceptibility to disease.
12. Genetic theorists believe that individuals inherit a genetic program that determines life expectancy.
13. The organs affected from free radicals are the skin, blood vessel walls, musculoskeletal system, and the lens of the eye.
14. Autonomy is supported by informed consent and patient and family education.
15. Social abuse includes behaviors or actions that prevent the basic social needs of an older adult from being met.
16. Fidelity  refers to health care professionals have an ethical obligation to good stewardship of both the patient’s and the organization’s funds.
17. Unexplained falls and injuries are indicators of psychological abuse.
18. Elder abuse victims need home support services, safety, shelter, and access to financial resources to meet their needs.
19. Decrease in lean body mass and redistribution of fat around internal organs lead to decreased caloric requirements among elderly.
20. For older adults, the consumed fats should be polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids.
21. These anti angina drugs (nitrates) relax the smooth muscle layer of arterial blood ves­sels causing vasoconstriction.
22. Myocardial Infarction) occurs when areas of the heart are deprived of blood, causing tissue death and destruction.
23. Garlic Plays an important role in the rebuilding of blood cells, and detoxification.
24. The broncheoli are tiny sacs (air sacs) delineated by a single-layer membrane with blood capillaries at the other end.
25. With aging The alveoli ducts become stretched, causing the alveoli enlarge or tear.

 

Part II: Read the following statements and circle only one best answer:

1- Alternatives to institutions services for the elderly include:

  1. Home health services.
  2. Sheltered housing.
  3. Nursing homes.
  4. Hospice care.

2- One of the factors that affect the aging process include:

  1. Social condition.
  2. Insufficient sleep.
  3. Improper exercise.
  4. Lifelong patterns.

3- Factors affect the practice of gerontological nursing:

  1. Roles and standers for care.
  2. Accept concept of change.
  3. Increase risk for infection.
  4. Low physical function.

4- Causes of urinary tract infection include:

  1. Urinary catheters.
  2. Parkinson’s disease.
  3. Strokes and spinal cord injury.
  4. Enlarged prostate.

5-Weakness of pelvic floor muscles leads to:

  1. More time needed for filtration.
  2. Increased incidence of urinary incontinence.
  3. Urine may be more diluted.
  4. Decrease removal of body wastes.

6- Causes of urinary incontinence include:

  1. Urinary catheters.
  2. Diabetes.
  3. Enlarged prostate.
  4. Being uncircumcised.

7-Hiatal Hernia is:

  1. protrusion of the stomach into the thoracic cavity.
  2. protrusion of the large intestine into the small intestine.
  3. protrusion of the stomach into the small intestine.
  4. protrusion of the small sac into the stomach.

 

 

8- The disorder associated with musculoskeletal system is:

  1. Impaired mobility.
  2. Increased risk of fall.
  3. Rheumatoid arthritis.
  4. Increased risk of fracture.

9- Symptoms of osteoarthritis include:

  1. Gradual loss of height.
  2. Rounding of the shoulders.
  3. Early morning stiffness.
  4. Acute lower backache.

10- With ageing the muscle mass and tone affect in the older adult:

  1. Gait balance
  2. Increased muscle rigidity.
  3. Replaced fatty tissues to fibrous connective tissue.
  4. Decrease collagen formation.

11- Disengagement theory of aging include:

  1. This theory views aging as a process of withdrawal from life.
  2. This theory suggests ways of maintaining activity in the presence of multiple losses associated with the aging process.
  3. According to this theory, successful aging depends on the individual’s ability to maintain and continue previous behavior patterns.
  4. This theory states that aging occurs because of a increase in the activity of the immune system.

 

 

 

12- Genetic theory of aging include:

  1. believe that individuals inherit a genetic program that determines life expectancy.
  2. holds that aging is a result of a decrease in cellular division caused by a cross-linking agent attaching itself to a DNA strand
  3. states that aging occurs because of a decrease in the activity of the immune system
  4. attribute aging to the wear and tear on the body over time

13- Moral principles include:

  1. Advanced directive
  2. Informed consent
  3. Confidentiality
  4. Use of restraining devices.

14- Legal and ethical issues of interest to gerontological nurses:

  1. advocacy
  2. Autonomy
  3. fidelity
  4. Artificial Nutrition and Hydration.

15- Ethical concepts are:

  1. human-made rules capable of being changed by the legislative and judiciary systems of the country.
  2. principles that facilitate decision making and guide our professional behavior.
  3. based on the principles of conduct that govern both individuals and groups.
  4. Provides a binding foundation of rules that will guide your work

 

 

16- Physical abuse:

  1. Is the use of force to harm or to threaten harm.
  2. Is the willful infliction of mental or emotional anguish by threat, humiliation, or other verbal or nonverbal conduct.
  3. behaviors or actions that prevent the basic social needs of an older adult from being met.
  4. Is the illegal or improper use of an older person’s funds, property, and resources.

17- Indicators of neglect:

  1. Absence of necessary medication
  2. Irregularities on tax return.
  3. Ridicule
  4. Cuts puncture wounds, burns, bruises, welts

18- Age related changes that affect nutrition:

  1. Taste & smell.
  2. Loss of teeth & poor fitting denture.
  3. Gastric secretion→ influence in absorption of B12, folic acid& iron.
  4. Visual acuity

19- Daily energy intake for elderly women declined by:

  1. 600 calories
  2. 1000 calories
  3. 1200 calories
  4. 1500 calories

20-The recommended daily protein intake for elderly is:

  1. 1 gm/kg of body weight
  2. 2 gm/kg of body weight
  3. 3 gm/kg of body weight
  4. 5 gm/kg of body weight

 

 

 

21- Age changes of heart include:

  1. natural pacemaker system develop fibrous tissue and fat deposits and lose some of its cells.
  2. slight decrease in the size of the heart, especially the left ventricle
  3. regular rhythms
  4. The heart muscle cells degenerate progressively

 

22- Age – changes of the blood vessels include:

  1. The baroreceptors become more sensitive with aging
  2. The capillary walls thicken slightly. This may cause a slightly slower rate of exchange of nutrients and wastes.
  3. The main artery from the heart (aorta) becomes thinner, stiffer, and more flexible
  4. Most elderly people have a moderate decrease in blood pressure.

23- Age-related changes of the respiratory system:

  1. increases in peak airflow and gas exchange
  2. Weakening of the respiratory muscles
  3. The walls of the alve­oli become thicker,
  4. The number of capillaries sur­rounding the alveoli increase.

 

24- COPD in its early stages usually manifests in symptoms:

  1. dyspnea on exertion
  2. wheezing
  3. heomoptosis
  4. chest pain

    25- Emphysema is a condition affecting the:

  1. Trachea
  2. Bronchi
  3. Alveoli
  4. Pleural cavity