{"id":15223,"date":"2020-06-11T23:32:46","date_gmt":"2020-06-11T20:32:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/?p=15223"},"modified":"2020-06-11T23:46:06","modified_gmt":"2020-06-11T20:46:06","slug":"%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b6-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a (2)\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><u>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/u><\/strong> <strong><u>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u06462<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Part I: write (T) if the statement is true, and write (F) if the statement is false:<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<table width=\"586\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\"><strong>NO.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"480\"><strong>Statement<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><strong>T \/ F<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">1.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">According classification of aging, the middle elderly ages 75\u201384 and older.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">2.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Comorbidity is the simultaneous presence of multiple chronic conditions.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">3.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Perceived age is another term that is used to describe how people estimate a person\u2019s age based on appearance.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">4.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\"><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nocturnal_enuresis\">Nocturnal enuresis<\/a> is episodic of urinary incontinence while asleep. It is normal in young children.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">5.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Gradual loss of nephrons (35%\u00a0 to 50%) lead to decrease glomerular filtration.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">6.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Two ureters which carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">7.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">\u00a0 Administration of tobacco which stimulates acid release and<\/p>\n<p>antacids to reduce acidity.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">8.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Calcitonin secreted by the thyroid gland in response to elevated blood calcium levels.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">9.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">The incidence of malignant lesions of oral cavity rises sharply with age.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">10.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Joint pain is usually worse later in the day and occur after long periods of activity.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">11.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Humeral immunity increases with age cause an increased susceptibility to disease.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">12.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Genetic theorists believe that individuals inherit a genetic program that determines life expectancy.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">13.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">The organs affected from free radicals are the skin, blood vessel walls, musculoskeletal system, and the lens of the eye.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">14.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Autonomy is supported by informed consent and patient and family education.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">15.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Social abuse includes behaviors or actions that prevent the basic social needs of an older adult from being met.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">16.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Fidelity \u00a0refers to health care professionals have an ethical obligation to good stewardship of both the patient\u2019s and the organization\u2019s funds.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">17.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Unexplained falls and injuries are indicators of psychological abuse.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">18.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Elder abuse victims need home support services, safety, shelter, and access to financial resources to meet their needs.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">19.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Decrease in lean body mass and redistribution of fat around internal organs lead to decreased caloric requirements among elderly.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">20.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">For older adults, the consumed fats should be polyunsaturated or monounsaturated fatty acids.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">21.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">These anti angina drugs (nitrates) relax the smooth muscle layer of arterial blood ves\u00adsels causing vasoconstriction.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">22.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Myocardial Infarction) occurs when areas of the heart are deprived of blood, causing tissue death and destruction.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">23.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">Garlic Plays an important role in the rebuilding of blood cells, and detoxification.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">24.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">The broncheoli are tiny sacs (air sacs) delineated by a single-layer membrane with blood capillaries at the other end.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"40\">25.<\/td>\n<td width=\"480\">With aging The alveoli ducts become stretched, causing the alveoli enlarge or tear.<\/td>\n<td width=\"66\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><u>\u00a0<\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><u>Part II: Read the following statements and circle only one best answer<\/u><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>1-<\/strong> <strong>Alternatives to institutions services for the elderly include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Home health services.<\/li>\n<li>Sheltered housing.<\/li>\n<li>Nursing homes.<\/li>\n<li>Hospice care.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>2- One of the factors that affect the aging process include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Social condition.<\/li>\n<li>Insufficient sleep.<\/li>\n<li>Improper exercise.<\/li>\n<li>Lifelong patterns.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>3- Factors affect the practice of gerontological nursing:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Roles and standers for care.<\/li>\n<li>Accept concept of change.<\/li>\n<li>Increase risk for infection.<\/li>\n<li>Low physical function.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>4- Causes of urinary tract infection<\/strong><strong> include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Urinary catheters.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Parkinson%27s_disease\">Parkinson&#8217;s disease<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stroke\">Strokes<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Spinal_cord_injury\">spinal cord injury<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Enlarged <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prostate\">prostate<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>5-Weakness of pelvic floor muscles leads to:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>More time needed for filtration.<\/li>\n<li>Increased incidence of urinary incontinence.<\/li>\n<li>Urine may be more diluted.<\/li>\n<li>Decrease removal of body wastes.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>6- Causes of urinary incontinence include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Urinary catheters.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diabetes_mellitus\">Diabetes<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Enlarged <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Prostate\">prostate<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Being <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Circumcise\">uncircumcised<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>7<\/strong><strong>-Hiatal Hernia<\/strong> <strong>is<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>protrusion of the stomach into the thoracic cavity.<\/li>\n<li>protrusion of the large intestine into the small intestine.<\/li>\n<li>protrusion of the stomach into the small intestine.<\/li>\n<li>protrusion of the small sac into the stomach.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>8- The disorder associated with musculoskeletal system is:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Impaired mobility.<\/li>\n<li>Increased risk of fall.<\/li>\n<li>Rheumatoid arthritis.<\/li>\n<li>Increased risk of fracture.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>9- <strong>Symptoms of osteoarthritis include: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Gradual loss of height.<\/li>\n<li>Rounding of the shoulders.<\/li>\n<li>Early morning stiffness.<\/li>\n<li>Acute lower backache.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>10- With ageing the <\/strong><strong>muscle mass and tone<\/strong><strong> affect<\/strong><strong> in<\/strong><strong> the older adult<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Gait balance<\/li>\n<li>Increased muscle rigidity.<\/li>\n<li>Replaced fatty tissues to fibrous connective tissue.<\/li>\n<li>Decrease collagen formation.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>11- Disengagement theory of aging include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>This theory views aging as a process of withdrawal from life.<\/li>\n<li>This theory suggests ways of maintaining activity in the presence of multiple losses associated with the aging process.<\/li>\n<li>According to this theory, successful aging depends on the individual&#8217;s ability to maintain and continue previous behavior patterns.<\/li>\n<li>This theory states that aging occurs because of a increase in the activity of the immune system.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>12- Genetic theory of aging include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>believe that individuals inherit a genetic program that determines life expectancy.<\/li>\n<li>holds that aging is a result of a decrease in cellular division caused by a cross-linking agent attaching itself to a DNA strand<\/li>\n<li>states that aging occurs because of a decrease in the activity of the immune system<\/li>\n<li>attribute aging to the wear and tear on the body over time<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>13- Moral principles include<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Advanced directive<\/li>\n<li>Informed consent<\/li>\n<li>Confidentiality<\/li>\n<li>Use of restraining devices.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>14- Legal and ethical issues of interest to gerontological nurses:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>advocacy<\/li>\n<li>Autonomy<\/li>\n<li>fidelity<\/li>\n<li>Artificial Nutrition and Hydration.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>15- Ethical concepts are<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>human-made rules capable of being changed by the legislative and judiciary systems of the country.<\/li>\n<li>principles that facilitate decision making and guide our professional behavior.<\/li>\n<li>based on the principles of conduct that govern both individuals and groups.<\/li>\n<li>Provides a binding foundation of rules that will guide your work<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>16- Physical abuse:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Is the use of force to harm or to threaten harm.<\/li>\n<li>Is the willful infliction of mental or emotional anguish by threat, humiliation, or other verbal or nonverbal conduct.<\/li>\n<li>behaviors or actions that prevent the basic social needs of an older adult from being met.<\/li>\n<li>Is the illegal or improper use of an older person&#8217;s funds, property, and resources.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>17- Indicators of neglect:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Absence of necessary medication<\/li>\n<li>Irregularities on tax return.<\/li>\n<li>Ridicule<\/li>\n<li>Cuts puncture wounds, burns, bruises, welts<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>18- Age related changes that affect nutrition:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Taste &amp; smell.<\/li>\n<li>Loss of teeth &amp; poor fitting denture.<\/li>\n<li>Gastric secretion\u2192 influence in absorption of B12, folic acid&amp; iron.<\/li>\n<li>Visual acuity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>19- Daily energy intake for elderly women declined by: <\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>600 calories<\/li>\n<li>1000 calories<\/li>\n<li>1200 calories<\/li>\n<li>1500 calories<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>20-The recommended daily protein intake for elderly is:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>1 gm\/kg of body weight<\/li>\n<li>2 gm\/kg of body weight<\/li>\n<li>3 gm\/kg of body weight<\/li>\n<li>5 gm\/kg of body weight<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>21- Age changes of heart include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>natural pacemaker system develop fibrous tissue and fat deposits and lose some of its cells.<\/li>\n<li>slight decrease in the size of the heart, especially the left ventricle<\/li>\n<li>regular rhythms<\/li>\n<li>The heart muscle cells degenerate progressively<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>22- Age \u2013 changes of the blood vessels include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The baroreceptors become more sensitive with aging<\/li>\n<li>The capillary walls thicken slightly. This may cause a slightly slower rate of exchange of nutrients and wastes.<\/li>\n<li>The main artery from the heart (aorta) becomes thinner, stiffer, and more flexible<\/li>\n<li>Most elderly people have a moderate decrease in blood pressure.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>23- Age-related changes of the respiratory system:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>increases in peak airflow and gas exchange<\/li>\n<li>Weakening of the respiratory muscles<\/li>\n<li>The walls of the alve\u00adoli become thicker,<\/li>\n<li>The number of capillaries sur\u00adrounding the alveoli increase.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>24- COPD in its early stages usually manifests in symptoms:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>dyspnea on exertion<\/li>\n<li>wheezing<\/li>\n<li>heomoptosis<\/li>\n<li>chest pain<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 25- Emphysema is a condition affecting the:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Trachea<\/li>\n<li>Bronchi<\/li>\n<li>Alveoli<\/li>\n<li>Pleural cavity<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u06462 Part I: write (T) if the statement is true, and write (F) if the statement is false: NO. Statement T \/ F 1. According classification [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":14047,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15223","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a (2)\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647 - | \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c |<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a-\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629-\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646-\u0627\u0644\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ar_AR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a (2)\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0647 - | \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062c |\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u064a\u06462 Part I: write (T) if the statement is true, and write (F) if the statement is false: NO. Statement T \/ F 1. 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Statement T \/ F 1. According classification [&hellip;]","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15223"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15229,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15223\/revisions\/15229"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/14047"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nur.sohag-univ.edu.eg\/main\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}